FRICTIONAL CONTACT ANALYSIS OF PISTON RING– CYLINDER ASSEMBLY USING DIFFERENT MATERIAL
Keywords:
Finite Element Analysis,, Piston Ring,, Grey Cast Iron,, Titanium Alloy,, Elastomer, Static Structural AnalysisAbstract
Friction between the piston ring and cylinder liner significantly influences engine efficiency, fuel
consumption, and durability. Optimizing piston ring material and structural performance is
essential to reduce frictional losses while maintaining sufficient sealing and heat transfer
characteristics. This study presents a finite element-based structural and contact analysis of piston
ring materials under static loading conditions using ANSYS.
Three materials—Grey Cast Iron, Titanium Alloy, and Elastomer—were evaluated to determine
their deformation and stress response under identical boundary and loading conditions. A three-
dimensional piston ring model was developed in SpaceClaim and imported into ANSYS for
structural analysis. Comparative results indicate that elastomer exhibits minimum deformation but
limited structural rigidity, while grey cast iron and titanium alloy demonstrate higher stiffness and
acceptable stress levels within material limits.
